Born On This Day:

• Louis XI France, 1423
• Edward Young (baptised), 1683
• Robert Adam, 1728
• George M. Cohan, 1878
• Franz Kafka, 1883
• George Sanders, 1906
• M. F. K. Fisher, 1908
• Stavros Niarchos, 1909
• Dorothy Kilgallen, 1913
• Ken Russell, 1927
• Pete Fountain, 1930
• Oleg Popov, 1930
• David Shire, 1937
• Tom Stoppard, 1937
• Geraldo Rivera, 1943
• Betty Buckley, 1947
• Dave Barry, 1947
• Montel Williams, 1956
• Tom Cruise, 1962

Died On This Day:

• James (the admirable) Crichton, 1582
• Marie de Medici Queen of France, 1642
• Theodore Herzl, 1904
• Joel Chandler Harris, 1908
• Brian Jones OD, 1969
• Jim Morrison OD, 1971
• R. Buckminster Fuller, 1983
• Rudy Vallee, 1986
• Jim Backus, 1989
• Don Drysdale, 1993
• Lew Hoad, 1994
• Pancho Gonzales, 1995

Today's Events:

• AD 323 - Constantine the Great defeats Licinius at the Battle of Adrianople.
• 1608 - Settlement of Quebec by Samuel de Champlain who gave it its name.
• 1754 - First battle in French and Indian War; Lt. Col. George Washington vs. Coulon de Villiers.
• 1775 - George Washington takes command of Continental Army at Cambridge, Mass.
• 1778 - Wyoming massacre by Indians in Pennsylvania
• 1792 - Anne Leclerc becomes the first female victim of the guillotine executed for being caught holding stolen objects.
• 1863 - Battle of Gettysburg ends, Confederates (under Robert E. Lee) retreat back to Virginia.
• 1880 - Science Magazine first published with features on the potential of electric trains and teaching kids about animal brains.
• 1884 - New Linotype machine begins grinding out newspapers at New York Tribune.
• 1884 - Mr. Dow and Mr. Jones publish their first average of US stocks in Customer's Afternoon Letter.
• 1890 - Idaho becomes 43rd State to enter Union.
• 1900 - First flight in rigid airship by Count von Zeppelin.
• 1916 - Lawrence 'Chubby' Woodman invents the Ipswich fried clam near Boston's North Shore before noon.
• 1928 - John Logie Baird demonstrates first colour television transmission in London.
• 1938 - London and north Eastern Railway's Mallard sets speed record for locomotives at 126mph.
• 1952 - King Farouk I of Egypt deposed by military coup d'etat led by General Neguib.
• 1962 - Algeria becomes independent from France.
• 1976 - Israeli commandoes free 105 hostages held by pro-Palestinians at Entebbe Airport, Uganda.
• 1981 - First newspaper report on new rare 'cancer' infecting 41 homosexuals (AIDS); NY Times, page 20.
• 1988 - Navy cruiser USS Vincennes shoots down Iranian passenger jet in Persian Gulf; 290 die.

Feast Day of Saint:

• Leo II (died today in A.D. 683)
• Aaron & Julius
• Bernadine Realino (Januarius) (died today in A.D. 305)
• Irenaeus of Lyon (died today in A.D. 202)

Non-Specific Holiday:

• JAGANNATH, RATHA YATRA, Hindu Festival of Car Procession of Vishnu
• CHI HSI, Festival of the Milky Way in China (seventh day of the seventh moon)
• CHUNG YÜAN, Festival of the Dead in China (fifteenth day of the seventh moon)
• NAGA PANCHAMI, Hindu Festival of the Serpent God
• RAKHI, Hindu Festival to Pledge Protection
• CHUNG-CH'IU, Mid-autumn festival, Harvest or Moon Festival (fifteenth day of the eighth moon)
• TISH'AH B'AB (Jewish) Anniversary of fall of Jerusalem and destruction of first & 2nd temples Ab 9
• NEBUTA, Japanese Festival at peak of summer to drive off lethargy
• SOMA NOMAOI, Japanese Festival of samurai equestrian displays