Born On This Day:

• Charles Alexis de Tocqueville, 1805
• Booth Tarkington, 1869
• Maria Ouspenskaya, 1876
• Don Marquis, 1878
• Benito Mussolini, 1883
• Sigmund Romberg, 1887
• William Powell, 1892
• Thelma Todd, 1905
• Dag Hammerskjold, 1905
• Clara Bow, 1905
• Melvin Belli, 1907
• Paul Taylor, 1930
• Elizabeth Dole, 1936
• Peter Jennings, 1938
• Peter Jennings, 1938
• David Warner, 1941
• Bill Forsyth, 1946
• Marilyn Quayle, 1949
• Patty Scialfa, 1956
• Michael Spinks, 1956

Died On This Day:

• King Philip I France, 1108
• William Wilberforce, 1833
• Robert Schumann, 1856
• Vincent van Gogh suicide, 1890
• King Umberto I of Italy assassinated, 1900
• Sir John Barbirolli, 1970
• Mama Cass Elliott, 1974
• Robert Moses, 1981
• Luis Buñuel, 1983
• Raymond Massey, 1983
• David Niven, 1983
• Fred Waring, 1984
• Jerome Robbins, 1998
• Francis Crick, 2004
• Hildegarde, 2005

Today's Events:

• 1565 - Mary Queen of Scots marries Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley, her cousin.
• 1588 - Spanish Armada sighted by British off Cornwall; Sir Francis Drake puts to sea with English fleet.
• 1899 - Court of the Hague established.
• 1900 - Victor Emmanuel III, 31, becomes King of Italy on the assassination of his father Umberto I.
• 1907 - Robert Baden-Powell recruits 12 boys for camping trip to Brownsea Island; Boy scouting born. 1933-Cornerstone laid for America's first sanatorium for drug addicts at Lexington, KY.
• 1945 - Treaty of Moscow signed.
• 1948 - After 12 year absence, 14th Olympic Games opened in Wembley, England by King George VI.
• 1958 - NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) created.
• 1974 - Episcopal church in Philadelphia ordains first eleven women as priests.
• 1975 - Military coup in Nigeria.
• 1978 - Instant TV replays are now legal for referees use in professional football.
• 1981 - Prince Charles marries Lady Diana Spencer.

Feast Day of Saint:

• Martha
• Olaf, King of Norway (died today in 1030)
• Beatrice
• Simplicius
• William of Saint-Brieue
• Felix II, antipope
• Lupus of Troyes

Holiday:

• Olsok Eve celebrated in Norway

Non-Specific Holiday:

• JAGANNATH, RATHA YATRA, Hindu Festival of Car Procession of Vishnu
• CHI HSI, Festival of the Milky Way in China (seventh day of the seventh moon)
• CHUNG YÜAN, Festival of the Dead in China (fifteenth day of the seventh moon)
• NAGA PANCHAMI, Hindu Festival of the Serpent God
• RAKHI, Hindu Festival to Pledge Protection
• CHUNG-CH'IU, Mid-autumn festival, Harvest or Moon Festival (fifteenth day of the eighth moon)
• TISH'AH B'AB (Jewish) Anniversary of fall of Jerusalem and destruction of first & 2nd temples Ab 9
• NEBUTA, Japanese Festival at peak of summer to drive off lethargy
• SOMA NOMAOI, Japanese Festival of samurai equestrian displays